Heuristics
Heuristic Questions
1)
Guideline: Clear and interactive website
Heuristic: Do users be aware of what this site is mainly about when first landing it? Do users know which page they are on? Do users understand what they can do on the page? Does the website interact with users?
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2)
Guideline: Consistent web pages
Heuristic: Is the website consistent throughout all web pages? Do users get confused about whether they are on the same site or not? Have the same words and phrases been used when it comes to interaction with the website?
3)
Guideline: Simple dialogues
Heuristic: Is the writing simple to read and understand? Is it general and familiar to users? Or the terms sound professional or slang? Is it targeted towards people rather than computers, programmers or search engines?
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4)
Guideline: Prevent errors
Heuristic: Is it easily to misclick links? Are the spaces between each link too near or too far? Are the links be placed at appropriate section or location? Do users know which links belong to which content? Do the links name correctly and clearly? Do the links connect to the correct pages?
5)
Guideline: Flexible and free to control
Heuristic: Can users redo or undo their actions when they misclick the wrong link? Does it contain any orphanage page? Does any page send users to a dead-end that they cannot return to the previous page or go to other pages? Where do they go?
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6)
Guideline: Minimise visitors' memory and cognitive loads
Heuristic: Is the relevant information categorised on the same page or section, so that users do not need to memorise from one page to another and can easily recognise or refer?
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7)
Guideline: Easy to navigate and efficient to use
Heuristic: Is the website easy to navigate? Does it easy and quick for beginners to learn and cope? Is the website able to reach users in an effective way?
8)
Guideline: Good layout
Heuristic: Is the layout simple, clean and tidy? Is the layout balanced? Are the spaces being applied appropriately?
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9)
Guideline: Well organise contents in an orderly manner
Heuristic: Is the information well-organised? Are relevant or similar contents being arranged on the same page or section? Is the information arranged in an orderly manner and hierarchy? Is the usage of typeface, colour, font size, font colour and font-weight appropriate? Are the contents easy to read?
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10)
Guideline: Accessible and responsive across various platforms
Heuristic: Is the website design accessible and responsive across different platforms? Is it able to perform well on computers and mobile devices?
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Heuristics of Self Website
Sleep Pathfinder (Self-Tan Hui Jun)
1)
Guideline: Clear and interactive website
Heuristic: Do users be aware of what this site is mainly about when first landing it? Do users know which page they are on? Do users understand what they can do on the page? Does the website interact with users?
Yes. This website is straightforward and an excellent interactive website. When first landing on this site, a hero image of Sleep Pathfinder is displayed, users can easily recognise this site is mainly about sleep. This website also indicates to users which page they are on which prevent them from getting lost. While when scrolling along the home page, the demonstrated information provides users with a deeper understanding of the site and what are the following pages about. Besides, all information are arranged and distributed to their belonging pages advisably. These clear arrangements enable users to know what they can perform on particular pages. It also shows reactions or responses to users by changing the colour or opacity of the links when users mouse over them. These interactions connect to users effectively which let them further engage with this website.
8/10
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2)
Guideline: Consistent web pages
Heuristic: Is the website consistent throughout all web pages? Do users get confused about whether they are on the same site or not? Have the same words and phrases been used when it comes to interaction with the website?
Yes, the website is consistent. The layout, header, footer, navigation menu, design, colour theme and typefaces are consistent across pages. Users will always know they are on the same website when crossing along with the consecutive pages. This consistency also creates a strong visual identity for this site. The same words and phrases have been used when it comes to interaction with the website. This coherent prevents users from clicking links that bring them to the same pages repetitive. At the same time, consistent words and phrases allow them to know which links go to their intended destination clearly without feeling puzzled or lost.
9/10
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3)
Guideline: Simple dialogues
Heuristic: Is the writing simple to read and understand? Is it general and familiar to users? Or the terms sound professional or slang? Is it targeted towards people rather than computers, programmers or search engines?
Yes, the language is simple enough to read and understand. The vocabularies are general, familiar, not sophisticated and informal. This is also targeted to wide users instead of computers, programmers or search engines.
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8/10
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4)
Guideline: Prevent errors
Heuristic: Is it easily to misclick links? Are the spaces between each link too near or too far? Are the links be placed at appropriate section or location? Do users know which links belong to which content? Do the links name correctly and clearly? Do the links connect to the correct pages?
No. All the spaces between each link have an ideal distance which avoids people from clicking wrongly. All the links are being placed adequately, either above or under the content they belong to. All links are named and connected rightly and clearly which will not bring the user to the wrong page.
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8/10
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5)
Guideline: Flexible and free to control
Heuristic: Can users redo or undo their actions when they misclick the wrong link? Does it contain any orphanage page? Does any page send users to a dead-end that they cannot return to the previous page or go to other pages? Where do they go?
Yes. Users possess massive freedom to navigate and control the website. They are free to redo or undo their actions. No pages are an orphanage and dead-end which do not allow them to track back to their previous steps and go to other pages. This provides flexibility and dynamicity to users.
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8/10
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6)
Guideline: Minimise visitors' memory and cognitive loads
Heuristic: Is the relevant information categorised on the same page or section, so that users do not need to memorise from one page to another and can easily recognise or refer?
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Yes, users do not need to memorise those contents when they go to another page. All relevant information is being placed and arranged in either the same sections or pages which enable the ease of recognition. They can glance liable without memorising them and finding them when they forget.
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8/10
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7)
Guideline: Easy to navigate and efficient to use
Heuristic: Is the website easy to navigate? Does it easy and quick for beginners to learn and cope? Is the website able to reach users in an effective way?
Yes, this website is easy to navigate. It is liable for first-time visitors and beginners to learn and perform. Since all the functions and features are clear and well organised, especially the interactive design that guides them appropriately throughout the site. This reaches users efficiently and allows them to engage with this website.
9/10
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8)
Guideline: Good layout
Heuristic: Is the layout simple, clean and tidy? Is the layout balanced? Are the spaces being applied appropriately?
Yes. This website keeps things simple, minimalist, clean, neat and looks balanced and united. Spaces are being utilised well which avoid messiness and complexity results that bring visual chaos or noise to the audiences.
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8/10
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9)
Guideline: Well organise contents in an orderly manner
Heuristic: Is the information well-organised? Are relevant or similar contents being arranged on the same page or section? Is the information arranged in an orderly manner and hierarchy? Is the usage of typeface, colour, font size, font colour and font-weight appropriate? Are the contents easy to read?
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Yes, the information is being organised well. All identical and relevant information is arranged together in the same sections and pages in an orderly manner as well as hierarchical. Different typefaces, colours, font sizes, font colours, font weights are used for titles and paragraphs to distinguish them. More important contents are used with bigger font size and heavier font-weight with a serif typeface. This can attract visitors' attention first, let them know which information comes first and is more crucial. This brings the user to read according to the level of importance. All these also allow the website to achieve readability and legibility to users.
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7/10
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10)
Guideline: Accessible and responsive across various platforms
Heuristic: Is the website design accessible and responsive across different platforms? Is it able to perform well on computers and mobile devices?
Yes, this website is devised to be accessible and responsive across platforms. It can perform well on computers and mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. Since it comes with an adaptive design with two screen widths, 1366px and 768px that switch alternatively based on users' devices size.
7/10
Sleep Pathfinder (Third-party person - Tan Hui Yee)
1)
Guideline: Clear and interactive website
Heuristic: Do users be aware of what this site is mainly about when first landing it? Do users know which page they are on? Do users understand what they can do on the page? Does the website interact with users?
Yes, when I first landing it, I know that it provides information about sleeping such as tips to sleep better as it is stated that “all about sleep”. I also know that which page I am on since when I navigate between the page, it shows names of pages such as articles, about and so on. I also understand that what I can do on the page such as reading the articles I want. However, the website offers some limited interactions only such as changing opacity or colours when I mouse over the images.
7/10
2)
Guideline: Consistent web pages
Heuristic: Is the website consistent throughout all web pages? Do users get confused about whether they are on the same site or not? Have the same words and phrases been used when it comes to interaction with the website?
Yes, the website is consistent to me since it uses the font, font size, colours and so on consistently, making it look neatly and clearly. The same words and phrases have been constantly used when it comes to interaction with the website, helping me to access whatever I want easily.
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9/10
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3)
Guideline: Simple dialogues
Heuristic: Is the writing simple to read and understand? Is it general and familiar to users? Or the terms sound professional or slang? Is it targeted towards people rather than computers, programmers or search engines?
Yes, I could understand the writing easily since most of the words used are quite simple and common. Also, it does not contain much professional jargon or inappropriate slang. Although I am not an expert in sleeping, I can understand the content easily without searching the meaning of those words. Lastly, it is targeted towards people since the content is really relevant for us.
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9/10
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4)
Guideline: Prevent errors
Heuristic: Is it easily to misclick links? Are the spaces between each link too near or too far? Are the links be placed at appropriate section or location? Do users know which links belong to which content? Do the links name correctly and clearly? Do the links connect to the correct pages?
No, I could click whatever links I want since there are enough spaces between them. Yes, the links are placed at the appropriate place since I could find whatever I want easily. I also know that which links belong to which content since it shows a summarised content in succinct title. The links names seem clear and correct to me. The links connect to the correct page since it shows content that is relevant to the title.
10/10
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5)
Guideline: Flexible and free to control
Heuristic: Can users redo or undo their actions when they misclick the wrong link? Does it contain any orphanage page? Does any page send users to a dead-end that they cannot return to the previous page or go to other pages? Where do they go?
Yes, whenever I misclick the wrong link, I could redo or undo my actions. I have tried to click through all the links and confirms that it also does not contain any orphanage page. When I click a link, it takes me to content that is relevant to the title. I also do not encounter any dead-end when navigating the website.
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9/10
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6)
Guideline: Minimise visitors' memory and cognitive loads
Heuristic: Is the relevant information categorised on the same page or section, so that users do not need to memorise from one page to another and can easily recognise or refer?
Yes, the relevant information is categorised on the same page. For example, all the articles are shown under the link “articles”. Hence, I do not need to memorise from one page to another, as well as recognise or refer to them easily.
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8/10
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7)
Guideline: Easy to navigate and efficient to use
Heuristic: Is the website easy to navigate? Does it easy and quick for beginners to learn and cope? Is the website able to reach users in an effective way?
Yes, I could navigate the website easily. As a beginner, I could navigate through the website and access whatever I would like to easily. The website is able to reach users efficiently since the website is well-organised.
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10/10
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8)
Guideline: Good layout
Heuristic: Is the layout simple, clean and tidy? Is the layout balanced? Are the spaces being applied appropriately?
The layout is simple, clean and tidy since it uses consistent font, font size, colours and so on. It also uses suitable images that help us to visualise the contents. The layout is also balanced since the colours used seem harmonious to me. The spaces are also applied appropriately.
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9/10
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9)
Guideline: Well organise contents in an orderly manner
Heuristic: Is the information well-organised? Are relevant or similar contents being arranged on the same page or section? Is the information arranged in an orderly manner and hierarchy? Is the usage of typeface, colour, font size, font colour and font-weight appropriate? Are the contents easy to read?
Yes, the information is well-organised since similar contents are arranged on the same page or section. They are also arranged in an orderly manner and hierarch. The usage of typeface, colour, font size, font colour and font-weight is suitable, helping us to read and understand the contents easily.
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8/10
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10)
Guideline: Accessible and responsive across various platforms
Heuristic: Is the website design accessible and responsive across different platforms? Is it able to perform well on computers and mobile devices?
Yes, the website design is accessible and responsive across different platforms. I have tried to use both my computer and mobile phone to navigate the website. I could access the links that I want and it also shows us the relevant content. The website does perform well on computers, nonetheless, it is not so mobile-friendly.
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7/10
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Heuristics of Competitor Website
Competitor (Pzizz: https://pzizz.com/)
1)
Guideline: Clear and interactive website
Heuristic: Do users be aware of what this site is mainly about when first landing it? Do users know which page they are on? Do users understand what they can do on the page? Does the website interact with users?
Yes. A hero image is shown on the home page. This clearly tells the users what this site is about. However, users will not know which page they are on. It is because the header is absent in most of the web pages. In couples of pages, users can only visit or move to another page by scrolling down the bottom of the page, using the footer menu. Apart from that, when people reach the clicked page, they will not know where they are. There is no header and no hint on the footer which informs them where they are. This makes people feel puzzled, especially when they forget where they have clicked. While in terms of the mouseover, some links provide reactions while some do not. However, this is comprehensive and acceptable since, to some users, the constant responses and interactions in massive information pages may sound annoying and distracting.
6/10
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2)
Guideline: Consistent web pages
Heuristic: Is the website consistent throughout all web pages? Do users get confused about whether they are on the same site or not? Have the same words and phrases been used when it comes to interaction with the website?
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No. The layouts on this site are inconsistent. Different layouts are used on this site. Some pages only have a footer, while some have both header and footer. Furthermore, the background colour of the site is different on some pages. This seems to be confusing, especially when first visiting this site. This inconsistent may confuse users and cause them to think they are being brought to another site instead. In terms of the consistency of words or phrases on interaction, this website does achieve it well.
6/10
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3)
Guideline: Simple dialogues
Heuristic: Is the writing simple to read and understand? Is it general and familiar to users? Or the terms sound professional or slang? Is it targeted towards people rather than computers, programmers or search engines?
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Yes. All the terms used in this website are formal and straightforward to read and understand. It also targets wide users instead of focusing and specifying particular fields or systems such as computers, programmers or search engines.
8/10
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4)
Guideline: Prevent errors
Heuristic: Is it easily to misclick links? Are the spaces between each link too near or too far? Are the links be placed at appropriate section or location? Do users know which links belong to which content? Do the links name correctly and clearly? Do the links connect to the correct pages?
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No. There are appropriate spaces and distances between each section and link, which prevent users from misclick links effectively. All links are being placed at the right venue that they are supposed to be with a correct and adequate naming. All the links bring visitors to the right page as well.
8/10
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5)
Guideline: Flexible and free to control
Heuristic: Can users redo or undo their actions when they misclick the wrong link? Does it contain any orphanage page? Does any page send users to a dead-end that they cannot return to the previous page or go to other pages? Where do they go?
Yes. Users have the freedom to go back to the previous page when accidentally clicking the wrong link. There are no pages that will bring users to orphanage and dead-end pages. This website is flexible since it possesses go back action, allowing the user to switch back when making a wrong decision.
8/10
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6)
Guideline: Minimise visitors' memory and cognitive loads
Heuristic: Is the relevant information categorised on the same page or section, so that users do not need to memorise from one page to another and can easily recognise or refer?
Yes. Related information is organised in the same section and page that does not require users to memorise or recall what they have seen or learned. Users can recognise and refer to them easily and quickly.
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7/10
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7)
Guideline: Easy to navigate and efficient to use
Heuristic: Is the website easy to navigate? Does it easy and quick for beginners to learn and cope? Is the website able to reach users in an effective way?
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No. This website is not easy to navigate and user-friendly. The absence of the header makes users feel confused and may think this website only has one page when they are on the home page. This can decline the time staying on this website and loss users' interest since they may think this website lacks information and expertise. Additionally, when going to another page, the absence of interactive design in the footer menu causes people to feel lost. The inconsistent of web pages is also challenging for beginners to cope and learn. Since the differences of design in a website take time for people to adequate and accept. Thus, this website does not reach users effectively.
6/10
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8)
Guideline: Good layout
Heuristic: Is the layout simple, clean and tidy? Is the layout balanced? Are the spaces being applied appropriately?
The layout of this website is simple, clean and tidy. Overall, it also looks balanced with appropriate utilisation of spaces. The usage of spaces allows this website further enhance to the tidiness.
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7/10
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9)
Guideline: Well organise contents in an orderly manner
Heuristic: Is the information well-organised? Are relevant or similar contents being arranged on the same page or section? Is the information arranged in an orderly manner and hierarchy? Is the usage of typeface, colour, font size, font colour and font-weight appropriate? Are the contents easy to read?
Yes, the information is organised in a good and orderly manner. Contents are put into reasonable sections or pages. All the applications of the typefaces, colours, font sizes, font colours, font weights distinguish the headings, subheadings and paragraphs efficiently. At the same time, these usages allow users to understand the importance and priority of the information. This utilisation further engages the hierarchy of the contents and enables legibility.
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9/10
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10)
Guideline: Accessible and responsive across various platforms
Heuristic: Is the website design accessible and responsive across different platforms? Is it able to perform well on computers and mobile devices?
Yes, this website is accessible and responsive, allowing a wide range of devices, including various screen sizes of computers, tablets, and mobile phones.
9/10
(Competitor's homepage)
(Competitor's apps page)
(Competitor's blog page)
(Competitor's home, apps and blog pages in mobile phone screen)
Heuristics Results
Guidelines
1 Clear and interactive website
2 Consistent web pages
3 Simple dialogues
4 Prevent errors
5 Flexible and free to control
6 Minimise visitors' memory and cognitive loads
7 Easy to navigate and efficient to use
8 Good layout
9 Well organise contents in an orderly manner
10 Accessible and responsive across various platforms
Results
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Pzizz
7/10
10/10
9/10
9/10
6/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
8/10
8/10
9/10
8/10
8/10
8/10
8/10
9/10
8/10
8/10
6/10
10/10
9/10
7/10
9/10
8/10
7/10
9/10
8/10
7/10
7/10
9/10
Self
Third-party person
Sleep Pathfinder
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Here are a few identified future improvements and developments after conducting heuristics:
Summary
1 Add interactions
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More interactive designs can be added to the Sleep Pathfinder website for better user experience and interaction.
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2 Modify the arrangement of contents
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Rearrange the contents to avoid orphans.
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3 Improve the accessibility and responsivity of the website
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Improve and modify the adaptive design to enhance usability.
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